OxyNorm 10 mg/ml solution for injection or infusion

Read all of this leaflet carefully before you start using this medicine because it contains important information for you.

• Keep this leaflet. You may need to read it again.
• If you have any further questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
• This medicine has been prescribed for you only. Do not pass it on to others. It may harm them, even if their signs of illness are the same as yours.
• If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. See section 4.

In this leaflet:

1. What OxyNorm injection is and what it is used for
2. What you need to know before you use OxyNorm injection
3. How to use OxyNorm injection
4. Possible side effects
5. How to store OxyNorm injection
6. Contents of the pack and other information

Do not use OxyNorm injection if you:

• are allergic (hypersensitive) to oxycodone, or any of the other ingredients of the injection (listed in section 6);
• have breathing problems, such as severe chronic obstructive lung disease, severe bronchial asthma or severe respiratory depression. Your doctor will have told you if you have any of these conditions. Symptoms may include breathlessness, coughing or breathing more slowly or weakly than expected;
• have a condition where the small bowel does not work properly (paralytic ileus) or you have severe pain in your abdomen;
• have a heart problem after long-term lung disease (cor pulmonale);
• have moderate to severe liver problems. If you have other long-term liver problems you should only use this injection if recommended by your doctor;
• have ongoing problems with constipation;
• are under 18 years of age.

Warnings and precautions

Talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse before treatment with OxyNorm injection if you:

• are elderly or weakened;
• have an under-active thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), as you may need a lower dose;
• have myxoedema (a thyroid disorder with dryness, coldness and swelling [‘puffiness’] of the skin affecting the face and limbs;
• have a head injury, severe headache or feel sick as this may indicate that the pressure in your skull is increased;
• have low blood pressure (hypotension);
• have low blood volume (hypovolaemia); this can happen with severe external or internal bleeding, severe burns, excessive sweating, severe diarrhoea or vomiting;
• have a mental disorder as a result of an infection (toxic psychosis);
• have inflammation of the pancreas (which causes severe pain in the abdomen and back);
• have problems with your gall bladder or bile duct;
• have inflammatory bowel disease;
• have an enlarged prostate gland, which causes difficulty in passing urine (in men);
• have poor adrenal gland function (your adrenal gland is not working properly which may cause symptoms including weakness, weight loss, dizziness, feeling or being sick), e.g. Addison’s disease;
• have breathing problems such as severe pulmonary disease. Your doctor will have told you if you have this condition. Symptoms may include breathlessness and coughing;
• have kidney or liver problems;
• have previously suffered from withdrawal symptoms such as agitation, anxiety, shaking or sweating upon stopping taking alcohol or drugs;
• are or have ever been addicted to alcohol or drugs or have a known opioid dependence;
• have an increased sensitivity to pain;
• need to take increasingly higher doses of OxyNorm to gain the same level of pain relief (tolerance).

If you are going to have an operation, please tell the doctor at the hospital that you are taking this medicine.

You may experience hormonal changes while taking this medicine. Your doctor may want to monitor these changes.

Other medicines and OxyNorm injection

Concomitant use of opioids and benzodiazepines increases the risk of drowsiness, difficulties in breathing (respiratory depression), coma and may be life-threatening. Because of this, concomitant use should only be considered when other treatment options are not possible.

However if your doctor does prescribe benzodiazepines or related drugs with opioids the dosage and duration of concomitant treatment should be limited by your doctor.

The risk of side effects increases, if you use antidepressants (such as citalopram, duloxetine, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine). These medicines may interact with oxycodone and you may experience symptoms such as involuntary, rhythmic contractions of muscles, including the muscles that control movement of the eye, agitation, excessive sweating, tremor, exaggeration of reflexes, increased muscle tension, body temperature above 38°C. Contact your doctor when experiencing such symptoms.

Please follow your doctor’s dosage recommendation closely. It could be helpful to inform friends or relatives to be aware of sign and symptoms stated above. Contact your doctor when experiencing such symptoms.

Please tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking, have recently taken or might take any other medicines, including medicines obtained without a prescription. If you use this injection with some other medicines, the effect of this injection or the other medicines may be changed.

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking:

• a type of medicine known as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor or you have taken this type of medicine in the last two weeks;
• medicines to help you sleep or stay calm (for example hypnotics or sedatives, including benzodiazepines);
• medicines to treat depression (such as paroxetine);
• medicines to treat psychiatric or mental disorders (such as phenothiazines or neuroleptics);
• other strong analgesics (‘painkillers’);
• muscle relaxants;
• medicines to treat high blood pressure.
• quinidine (a medicine to treat a fast heart beat);
• cimetidine (a medicine for stomach ulcers, indigestion or heartburn);
• antifungal medicines (such as ketoconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole and posaconazole);
• antibiotics (such as clarithromycin, erythromycin or telithromycin);
• medicines known as ‘protease inhibitors’ to treat HIV (e.g. boceprevir, ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir or saquinavir);
• rifampicin (to treat tuberculosis);
• carbamazepine (a medicine treat seizures, fits or convulsions and certain pain conditions);
• phenytoin (a medicine to treat seizures, fits or convulsions);
• a herbal remedy called St. John’s Wort (also known as Hypericum perforatum);
• antihistamines;
• medicines to treat Parkinson’s disease.

Also tell your doctor if you have recently been given an anaesthetic.

Using OxyNorm injection with food, drink and alcohol

Drinking alcohol during your treatment with this injection may make you sleepy or increase the risk of serious side effects such as shallow breathing with a risk of stopping breathing, and loss of consciousness. It is recommended not to drink alcohol while you’re taking OxyNorm injection.

You should avoid drinking grapefruit juice during your treatment with this medicine.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Do not use this injection if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice before taking any medicine.

Driving and using machines

This injection may cause a number of side effects such as drowsiness which could affect your ability to drive or use machinery (see section 4 for a full list of side effects). These are usually most noticeable when you first start using the injection, or when changing to a higher dose. If you are affected you should not drive or use machinery.

This medicine can affect your ability to drive as it may make you sleepy or dizzy.

• Do not drive while taking this medicine until you know how it affects you.
• It is an offence to drive while you have this medicine in your body over a specified limit unless you have a defence (called the ‘statutory defence’).
• This defence applies when:
  • The medicine has been prescribed to treat a medical or dental problem; and
  • You have taken it according to the instructions given by the prescriber and in the information provided with the medicine.
• Please note that it is still an offence to drive if you are unfit because of the medicine (i.e. your ability to drive is being affected).

Details regarding a new driving offence concerning driving after drugs have been taken in the UK may be found here: https://www.gov.uk/drug-driving-law

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure whether it is safe for you to drive while taking this medicine.

OxyNorm injection contains less than 1 mmol sodium (23 mg) per 1 ml, i.e. it is essentially “sodium-free”.

Adults (over 18 years of age)

The usual starting dose is dependent upon how the injection is administered. The usual starting doses are as follows:

• As a single injection into a vein, the usual dose is 1 to 10 mg given slowly over 1 to 2 minutes. This can be repeated every 4 hours.
• As an infusion into a vein, the usual starting dose is 2 mg/hour.
• As a single injection through a fine needle into the tissue under the skin, the usual starting dose is 5 mg repeated at 4-hourly intervals if needed.
• As an infusion through a fine needle into the tissue under the skin, the usual starting dose is 7.5 mg/day.
• If given by patient controlled analgesia (PCA), the dose is worked out according to your weight (0.03 mg per kg of body weight). Your doctor or nurse will set a suitable frequency.

Children

Children and adolescents under 18 years of age should not be given the injection.

Patients with kidney or liver problems

Please tell your doctor if you suffer from kidney or liver problems as they may prescribe a lower dose depending on your condition.

The dose recommended by the doctor should not be exceeded. Check with the doctor or pharmacist if you are unsure.

If you find that you are still in pain whilst being given this injection discuss this with your doctor.

If you use more OxyNorm injection than you should, or if someone else uses your injection

Call your doctor or hospital straight away. People who have been given an overdose may feel very sleepy, sick or dizzy. They may also have breathing difficulties leading to unconsciousness or even death and may need emergency treatment in hospital. When seeking medical attention make sure that you take this leaflet and any remaining injection with you to show to the doctor.

If you stop using OxyNorm injection

You should not suddenly stop using this injection unless your doctor tells you to. If you want to stop using your injection, discuss this with your doctor first. They will tell you how to do this, usually by reducing the dose gradually so you do not experience unpleasant effects. Withdrawal symptoms such as agitation, anxiety, palpitations, shaking or sweating may occur if you suddenly stop using this injection.

Reporting of side effects

If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. You can also report side effects directly via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.

By reporting side effects you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.

What OxyNorm injection contains

The active ingredient is oxycodone hydrochloride.

The other ingredients are:

• Citric acid monohydrate
• Sodium citrate
• Sodium chloride
• Hydrochloric acid, dilute
• Sodium hydroxide
• Water for injections

What OxyNorm injection looks like and the contents of the pack

This injection is a clear, colourless solution supplied in clear glass ampoules. The 10 mg/ml strength is available as either 1 ml or 2 ml of solution (containing 10 mg or 20 mg of oxycodone hydrochloride respectively).

Marketing Authorisation Holder and Manufacturer

This injection is made by

for the Marketing Authorisation holder