Oxycodone Hydrochloride Liquid 5mg/5ml Oral Solution

• Keep this leaflet. You may need to read it again.
• If you have any further questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
• This medicine has been prescribed for you only. Do not pass it on to others. It may harm them, even if their signs of illness are the same as yours.
• If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. See section 4.

1. What Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid is and what it is used for
2. What you need to know before you take Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid
3. How to take Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid
4. Possible side effects
5. How to store Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid
6. Contents of the pack and other information

• if you are allergic to oxycodone hydrochloride or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6).
• if you have breathing problems, such as breathing more slowly or more weakly than expected (respiratory depression), low amount of oxygen or too much carbon dioxide in your blood.
• if you have a severe chronic lung disease associated with narrowing of the airways (COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).
• if you have a certain heart condition after long-term lung disease known as cor pulmonale.
• if you have severe bronchial asthma.
• if you have a type of bowel obstruction called paralytic ileus.
• if you have acute severe stomach pain or your stomach empties more slowly than it should (delayed gastric emptying).

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before using Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid

• if you are elderly or debilitated (weak).
• if your lung, liver or kidney function is impaired.
• if you have an impaired function of the thyroid gland (hypothyroidism or myxoedema).
• if you have poor adrenal gland function (your adrenal gland is not working properly) for example Addinson’s disease.
• if you have a mental disorder as a result of intoxication with another substance or alcohol.
• if you have delirium tremens due to alcohol withdrawal causing severe confusion, hallucinations and shaking.
• if you have enlargement of the prostate.
• if you have an inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis).
• if you have problems with your gall bladder or urinary tract, including difficulty or pain passing urine.
• if your doctor suspects you have intestinal paralysis (a condition where the bowel has stopped working)
• if you have inflammatory bowel disease.
• if your brain pressure is increased e.g. as a result of a head injury.
• if you have impaired consciousness
• if you have low blood pressure or if you have a reduced blood volume.
• if you are also taking a type of medicine known as take so called MAO inhibitors (generally used to for the treatment of depression or Parkinson’s disease) or if you have been taking them within the last 2 weeks (see ”Other medicines” below).

The most severe risk of opioid overdose is very slow or weak breathing (respiratory depression), which is most common in the elderly or frail patients. Opioids may also cause a sudden, severe drop in blood pressure in people with an increased risk of this phenomenon. This may lead to fainting, for example.

Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid can cause sleep-related breathing disorders such as sleep apnea (breathing pauses during sleep) and sleep related hypoxemia (low oxygen level in the blood). The symptoms can include breathing pauses during sleep, night awakening due to shortness of breath, difficulties to maintain sleep or excessive drowsiness during the day. If you or another person observe these symptoms, contact your doctor. A dose reduction may be considered by your doctor.

Tolerance, dependence and addiction

This medicine contains oxycodone, which is an opioid. It can cause dependence and/or addiction.

When Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid is used for long-time treatment, tolerance to the medicine may occur. This means, that you may need a higher dose to achieve the desired pain relief. Do not change the dosage without consulting your doctor.

This medicine contains oxycodone which is an opioid medicine. Repeated use of opioid painkillers can result in the drug being less effective (you become accustomed to it, known as tolerance). Repeated use of Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid may lead to dependence, abuse, and addiction, which may result in life-threatening overdose. The risk of these side effects can increase with a higher dose and longer duration of use.

Dependence or addiction can make you feel that you are no longer in control of how much medicine you need to take or how often you need to take it. You might feel that you need to carry on taking your medicine, even when it doesn’t help to relieve your pain.

The risk of becoming dependent or addicted varies from person to person. You may have a greater risk of becoming dependent or addicted on Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid if:

• you or anyone in your family have ever abused or been dependent on alcohol, prescription medicines or illegal drugs (“addiction”).
• you are a smoker.
• you have ever had problems with your mood (depression, anxiety or a personality disorder) or have been treated by a psychiatrist for other mental illnesses.

If you notice any of the following signs whilst taking Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid, it could be a sign that you have become dependent or addicted.

• You need to take the medicine for longer than advised by your doctor
• You need to take more than the recommended dose
• You are using the medicine for reasons other than prescribed, for instance, ‘to stay calm’ or ‘help you sleep’
• You have made repeated, unsuccessful attempts to quit or control the use of the medicine
• When you stop taking the medicine you feel unwell, and you feel better once taking the medicine again (‘withdrawal effects’)

If you notice any of these signs, speak to your doctor to discuss the best treatment pathway for you, including when it is appropriate to stop and how to stop safely (See section 3, If you stop taking Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid).

Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid has a dependence potential. If the treatment is stopped too suddenly, withdrawal symptoms such as yawning, dilated pupils, tearing, runny nose, tremors, sweating, chills, anxiety, restlessness, feeling your heartbeat or muscle pain may occur. Other symptoms also may develop, including irritability, backache, joint pain, weakness, abdominal cramps, insomnia, nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhoea, or increased blood pressure, respiratory rate or heart rate.

If you no longer need treatment, your doctor will gradually reduce your daily dose.

Your doctor will weigh the possible risks against the expected and needs to be evaluated in relation to the benefit. Ask your doctor if you have any questions about this.

The active ingredient oxycodone hydrochloride, like other highly effective opioids (strong pain killers), has potential for abuse. The development of psychological addiction is possible. Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid should only be used with particular caution if there has been a history of alcohol, drug or drug abuse.

Particularly in high doses, increased sensitivity to pain (hyperalgesia) can occur, which does not respond to a further increase in the dose of Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid. Your doctor will then decide whether to reduce the dose or switch to another strong pain reliever (opioid).

If you need to have an operation, please tell your doctor that you are taking Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid.

Contact your doctor if you experience severe upper abdominal pain possibly radiating to the back, nausea, vomiting or fever as this could be symptoms associated with inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) and the biliary tract system.

Similar to other opioids, oxycodone can affect the body's normal production of hormones (such as cortisol and sex hormones). Symptoms may be severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, low blood pressure, extreme fatigue, lack of appetite and weight loss. If you have these symptoms, contact your doctor, who will decide if you need to take hormone supplement

Athletes must be aware that this medicine may cause a positive reaction to “anti-doping” tests. Use of Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid as a doping agent may become a health hazard.

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking, have recently taken or might take any other medicines.

Concomitant use of Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid and sedative medicines such as benzodiazepines or related drugs increases the risk of drowsiness, difficulties in breathing (respiratory depression), coma and may be life-threatening. Because of this, concomitant use should only be considered when other treatment options are not possible.

However if your doctor does prescribe Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid together with sedative medicines the dose and duration of concomitant treatment should be limited by your doctor.

Please tell your doctor about all sedative medicines you are taking, and follow your doctor’s dose recommendation closely. It could be helpful to inform friends or relatives to be aware of the signs and symptoms stated above. Contact your doctor when experiencing such symptoms.

The risk of side effects increases, if you use antidepressants (such as citalopram, duloxetine, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine). These medicines may interact with oxycodone and you may experience symptoms such as involuntary, rhythmic contractions of muscles, including the muscles that control movement of the eye, agitation, excessive sweating, tremor, exaggeration of reflexes, increased muscle tension, body temperature above 38°C. Contact your doctor when experiencing such symptoms.

The risk of side effects is increased Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid is used at the same time as medicines that can affect brain function

Medicines that affect the way the brain works include:

• sleeping pills or sedatives (e.g. hypnotics or sedatives, including benzodiazepines)
• medicines for depression (e.g. paroxetine or amitriptyline), including those belonging to a group of MAOIs (please also see Section “Warnings and precautions”),
• medicines for allergies, motion sickness or vomiting (antihistamines, antiemetics),
• medicines for psychological or mental disorders (such as psychotropic drugs, phenothiazines or neuroleptics),
• Medicines used to treat epilepsy, pain and anxiety such as e.g. gabapentin and pregabalin.

Please tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking any of the medicines from the following list:

• muscle relaxants used to treat muscle spasms
• medicines used to treat Parkinson's disease,
• other strong pain relievers (opioids),
• cimetidine (a medicine for stomach ulcers, indigestion or heartburn),
• medicines for fungal infections (such as ketoconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole or posaconazole),
• medicines for bacterial infections (such as clarithromycin, erythromycin or telithromycin),
• medicines from the group of protease inhibitors to treat HIV infection (e.g. boceprevir, ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir or saquinavir),
• rifampicin for tuberculosis,
• carbamazepine (a medicine for epilepsy or seizures and for certain types of pain),
• phenytoin (a medicine for epilepsy or seizures),
• the medicinal plant St. John's wort (also known as Hypericum perforatum),
• quinidine (a medicine for irregular heartbeat),
• certain medicines to prevent blood clotting or to thin the blood (such as coumarin medicines).

Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid should not be taken with alcohol. Alcohol use could increase serious side-effects of oxycodone, such as sleepiness and drowsiness and slow and shallow breathing.

Grapefruit juice may increase the levels of Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid in your blood. Check with your doctor if you drink grapefruit juice regularly.

If you are pregnant or breast-feeding, think you may be pregnant or are planning to have a baby, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice before taking this medicine.

Pregnancy

The use of Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid should be avoided to the extent possible during pregnancy.

Prolonged use of oxycodone during pregnancy can cause withdrawal symptoms in newborns. If oxycodone is given during childbirth, it may cause berathing difficulties (respiratory depression) in the newborn.

Breast-feeding

Do not take this medicine if you are breast-feeding. Oxycodone passes into breast milk and may cause shallow and slow breathing (respiratory depression) in the breast-fed child

The medicine can affect your ability to drive as it may make you sleepy or dizzy.

• Do not drive while taking this medicine until you know how it affects you.
• It is an offence to drive if this medicine affects your ability to drive.
• However, you would not be committing an offence if:
  • The medicine has been prescribed to treat a medical or dental problem and
  • You have taken it according to the instructions given by the prescriber or in the information provided with the medicine and
  • It was not affecting your ability to drive safely

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure whether it is safe for you to drive while taking this medicine.

This medicine contains 4.1 mg sodium (main component of cooking/table salt) in each ml. This is equivalent to 0.2% of the recommended maximum daily dietary intake of sodium for an adult.

This medicine contains 1 mg sodium benzoate (E211) in 1mg/ml oral solution.

The usual starting dose is 5 ml of the oral solution every 6 hours. This is equivalent to 5 mg oxycodone hydrochloride.

Your doctor will decide how much you should take every day after the dose initiation, and how to divide your total daily dose into morning and evening doses. Your doctor will also advise you on any dose adjustments that may become necessary during treatment.

If needed to treat your pain, your doctor may instruct you to take the doses every 4 hours. However, Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid should not be taken more often than 6 times a day.

If you experience pain between doses of Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid you may require higher doses of Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid. Please talk to your doctor if you have this problem.

Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid should not be taken longer than necessary. If you require long-term treatment of severe pain you will be switched to an alternative dosage form of oxycodone.

Elderly patients should be treated with caution using the lowest dose possible to receive pain control.

Your doctor may prescribe a lower starting dose.

Other risk patients:

If you are light or if your body metabolizes medicines more slowly, your doctor may prescribe a lower starting dose.

Use in children (below 12 years):

Safety and efficacy of Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid have not been tested sufficiently in children under 12 years of age. Therefore, treatment with Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid is not recommended in children under 12 years of age.

• The solution should be swallowed.
• Use the measuring cup provided in the carton box.
• Fill the measuring cup to the graduation mark corresponding to your prescribed dose. Each graduation mark (5 ml) of the measuring cup corresponds to 5 mg oxycodone hydrochloride.
• You can take this medicine with or without liquid as scheduled by your doctor.
• You can take this medicine with or without food.

If you have taken more Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid than you should or someone else has taken it by mistake, immediately contact a doctor, hostpital or your local poison control center.

Members of the public seeking specific information on poisons should contact:

In England and Wales: NHS 111 - dial 111

In Scotland: NHS 24 - dial 111

www.npis.org

Overdosing can cause:

• constriction of the pupils,
• vrey slow and weak breathing (respiratory depression),
• drowsiness up to absent-mindedness (narcosis-like state),
• decreased tension in the skeletal muscles,
• slowing your pulse,
• drop in blood pressure
• a brain disorder (known as toxic leukoencephalopathy).

In more severe cases, unconsciousness (coma), water retention in the lungs and circulatory failure - can occur. Abuse of high doses of strong opioids such as oxycodone can be fatal.

If you take a smaller dose of Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid than prescribed, or if you miss a dose, adequate pain relief will probably not be achieved.

If you forget to take one dose, you can take the forgotten dose as soon as you remember it.

You should always leave 4-6 hours between your doses (as directed by your doctor).

Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose.

Do not stop treatment without first speaking with your doctor:

If you stop taking Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid , after a long period of treatment, withdrawal symptoms such as restlessness, anxiety, insomnia, involuntary muscle contractions, tremors and gastrointestinal problems may occur. Your doctor will tell you how to stop treatment to reduce the risk of withdrawal symptoms, usually by gradually reducing the dose.

• Very slow or weak breathing (respiratory depression). This is the most most serious risk in connection with medicines such as Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid (opioids), and may even be fatal after high doses of this medicine.

Very common: may affect more than 1 in 10 people

• Sleepiness to drowsiness, dizziness, headache
• Constipation, feeling or being sick. Your doctor will prescribe an appropriate medicine to treat these symptoms.
• Itching

Common: may affect up to 1 in 10 people

• Changes in mood (anxiety, confusion, depression, nervousness, sleep disorders, abnormal thoughts or dreams)
• Trembling
• Lowering of blood pressure, rarely accompanied by symptoms such as feeling your heartbeat, fainting or difficulty in breathing or wheezing
• Difficulty in breathing or wheezing, airway spasm
• Dry mouth, rarely accompanied by thirst and difficulty swallowing, general symptoms of indigestion such as stomachache, diarrhoea, heartburn, decreased appetite
• Rash
• Sweating, sometimes heavily
• Weakness

Uncommon: may affect up to 1 in 100 people

• Allergic reactions
• Increase in the amount of a certain hormone (ADH = antidiuretic hormone) in the blood
• Lack of water in the body (dehydration)
• Restlessness, mood swings, hallucinations, euphoric mood, decreased libido, drug dependence
• Amnesia
• Tingling or numbness (e.g. in the hands or feet)
• Convulsions, increased or decreased muscle tension or uncontrollled movements
• Reduced sensitivity to pain or touch
• Changes in taste
• Difficult speeking
• Visual impairment, reduction in the size of the pupils
• Fainting or feeling of spinning or whirling (vertigo)
• Unpleasant sensation of irregular and/or forceful beating of the heart (in the context of withdrawal), increased pulse rate, low blood pressure
• Widening of the blood vessels causing low blood pressure
• Shortness of breath, increased coughing, sore throat, runny nose, voice changes
• Difficulty swallowing, mouth ulcers, inflammation of the gum or mouth causing sore gums/mouth, flatulence (excessive gas in the stomach or bowel), belching, obstruction of the bowel (ileus)
• Increased blood levels of certain hepatic enzymes (seen in blood tests)
• Dry skin
• Problems passing urine, frequent urination
• Disturbances of sexual function, impotence
• Chills, feeling sick, injuries due to accidents resulting from decreased alertness, pain (e.g. chest pain), fluid retention (oedema), migraine, thirst, physical dependence with withdrawal symptoms, tolerance

Rare: may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people

• Lymph node disease
• Seizures (fits), in particular in patients having epilepsy or with a tendency to seizures
• Low blood pressure, fall in blood pressure on standing up which causes dizziness, light-headedness or fainting
• Bleeding gums
• Increased appetite
• Dark-coloured stools
• Itchy rash, blisters on the skin and mucosa (cold sores or herpes simplex), increased sensitivity to light
• Blood in urine
• Changes in body weight (loss or rise)
• Painful infection of the skin (cellulitis)

Very rare: may affect up to 1 in 10,000 people

• Scaly rash

Not known: frequency cannot be estimated from the available data

• Sleep apnoea (breathing pauses during sleep)
• Severe allergic reactions (which may cause difficulty in breathing, dizziness, skin rashes, fever)
• Aggression
• Increased sensitivity to pain
• Cavities or tooth decay
• Painful conditions where bile cannot flow from the liver to the duodenum (cholestasis) or stomach pain due to a gallstone temporarily blocking the bile duct (biliary colic)
• Absence of menstrual bleeding
• Long term use of Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid during pregnancy may cause life-threatening withdrawal symptoms in the new-born. Symptoms to look for in the baby include irritability, hyperactivity and abnormal sleep pattern, high pitched cry, shaking, being sick, diarrhoea and not putting on weight.

If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. You can also report side effects directly via the

or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.

By reporting side effects, you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.

• The active substance is oxycodone hydrochloride. Each ml contains 1 mg oxycodone hydrochloride, corresponding to 0.9 mg oxycodone.
  • The other ingredients are sodium benzoate (E 211), hypromellose, saccharin sodium, citric acid monohydrate, sodium hydroxide (for pH-adjusting), orange flavour and water. The oral solution can be considered as sugar free.

Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid 5 mg/5 ml oral solution is a clear colourless to slightly yellowish solution in an amber glass bottle with child-resistant screw cap.

Oxycodone Hydrochloride G.L. Pharma liquid is available in bottles of 100, 250 or 300 ml.

A measuring cup (30 ml) with graduation marks is provided with the pack. Each graduation mark (5 ml) of the measuring cup corresponds to 5 mg oxycodone hydrochloride.

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

Marketing Authorisation Number

PL 21597/0046