| Section 4.4
Addition of: Evidence regarding the risks associated with HRT in the treatment of premature menopause is limited. Due to the low level of absolute risk in younger women, however, the balance of benefits and risks for these women may be more favourable than in older women
Conditions which need supervision: Mastopathy added
Conditions which require monitoring while on oestrogen therapy:
· Oestrogens may cause fluid retention. Cardiac or renal dysfunction should be carefully observed
· Disturbances or mild impairment of liver function
· History of cholestatic jaundice
· Pre-existing hypertriglyceridaemia. Rare cases of large increases of plasma triglycerides leading to pancreatitis have been reported with oestrogen therapy in this condition
Endometrial hyperplasia
The reported increase in endometrial cancer risk among oestrogen-only users varies from 2 to 12 fold greater compared with non-users, depending on the duration of treatment and oestrogen dose (see Section 4.8)
All text under the heading ‘Breast cancer’ has been replaced
Venous thrombo-embolism: Recognised risk factors oestrogens, older age, pregnancy/ postpartum period added
Coronary artery disease (CAD); All text replaced
Stroke, Addition of:
Combined oestrogen-progestogen and oestrogen-only therapy are associated with an up to 1.5-fold increase in risk of ischaemic stroke. The relative risk does not change with age or time since menopause. However, as the baseline risk of stroke is strongly age-dependent, the overall risk of stroke in women who use HRT will increase with age.
Ovarian cancer
Ovarian cancer is much rarer than breast cancer. Long-term (at least 5-10 years) use of oestrogen-only HRT products in hysterectomised women has been associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer in some epidemiological studies. Some studies including the WHI trial suggest that the long-term use of combined HRTs may confer a similar, or slightly smaller, risk. It is uncertain whether long-term use of combined HRT confers a different risk than oestrogen-only products
Dementia statement updated
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